Transactions and Instructions
- explain transactions and instructions
Transactions
- message/signature
- atomic transaction execution, size limit
Instructions
- explain components of instruction
- programid, accounts, instruction data
How to Transfer SOL
-
simple SOL transfer
-
final code
https://beta.solpg.io/656a0ea7fb53fa325bfd0c3e
Solana Playground
- open solana playground
- starter code
client.ts
import {
LAMPORTS_PER_SOL,
SystemProgram,
Transaction,
sendAndConfirmTransaction,
Keypair,
} from "@solana/web3.js";
const connection = pg.connection;
const sender = pg.wallet.keypair;
const receiver = new Keypair();Build Transfer Instruction
client.ts
const transferAmount = 0.01;
const transferInstruction = SystemProgram.transfer({
fromPubkey: sender.publicKey,
toPubkey: receiver.publicKey,
lamports: transferAmount * LAMPORTS_PER_SOL,
});Add Instruction to Transaction
client.ts
const transaction = new Transaction().add(transferInstruction);Send Transaction
client.ts
const transactionSignature = await sendAndConfirmTransaction(
connection,
transaction,
[sender],
);Run script
Terminal
runHow to Create an Account
Minimum Rent
- example transfer below minimum rent, tx fails
client.ts
const transferInstruction = SystemProgram.transfer({
fromPubkey: sender.publicKey,
toPubkey: receiver.publicKey,
lamports: 1, // 1 lamport
});Output
Running client...
client.ts:
Uncaught error: failed to send transaction: Transaction simulation failed: Transaction results in an account (1) with insufficient funds for rent- minimum lamports for accountinfo, where data field stores 0 bytes of extra data
client.ts
// Minimum balance for rent exemption for new account
const minumumLamports = await connection.getMinimumBalanceForRentExemption(0);
const transferInstruction = SystemProgram.transfer({
fromPubkey: sender.publicKey,
toPubkey: receiver.publicKey,
lamports: minumumLamports,
});Notes
- explain wallet is just system account
- transfer sol, both using helper and manually built instruction
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